PEMBELIAN KOMPULSIF ONLINE: MENGGAMBARKAN PERAN PERBANDINGAN SOSIAL KEUANGAN, FEAR OF MISSING OUT (FOMO) DAN MATERIALISME

Liesta Verawati; Muhamad Syaeful Anwar

doi:10.34127/jrlab.v14i3.1793

Authors

Liesta Verawati Universitas Widya Husada Semarang
Muhamad Syaeful Anwar Universitas Widya Husada Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34127/jrlab.v14i3.1793

Keywords:

Financial Social Comparison, FOMO, Materialism, Online Compulsive Buying, Online Shopping

Abstract

This research provides a comprehensive overview of a study focusing on the relationship between financial social comparison, fear of missing out (FOMO), materialism, and online compulsive buying. The topic is relevant given the increasing intensity of social media use among young adults, which fosters psychological dynamics such as a tendency to compare one's financial situation with others and a fear of missing out on social experiences or material possessions. The research method used was a quantitative approach with a survey technique via an electronic questionnaire on Google Forms. The research sample was determined using purposive sampling, which included respondents who are active social media users and have made an online purchase within the last three months. A total of 159 respondents participated in the study. The data was analyzed using the Partial Least Square–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach with the help of SmartPLS 3.3 software to test the validity, reliability, and causal relationships between variables. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between financial social comparison and FOMO on materialism, as well as between materialism and online compulsive buying. This means that the higher an individual's tendency to make financial comparisons and experience FOMO, the greater the likelihood they will adopt materialistic values. Ultimately, this materialistic orientation encourages a tendency toward online compulsive buying. These findings affirm the important role of psychological factors in shaping consumer behavior in the digital era. They also contribute to the development of literature on digital consumer behavior and self-control strategies in online shopping

Author Biographies

Liesta Verawati, Universitas Widya Husada Semarang

Program Studi Kewirausahaan

Muhamad Syaeful Anwar, Universitas Widya Husada Semarang

Program Studi Kewirausahaan

References

Abel, J. P., Buff, C. L., & Burr, S. A. (2016). Social Media and the Fear of Missing Out: Scale Development and Assessment. Journal of Business & Economics Research, 14(1), 33–44.

Ahadzadeh, A. S., Pahlevan Sharif, S., & Ong, F. S. (2017). Self-schema and self-discrepancy mediate the influence of Instagram usage on body image satisfaction among youth. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 8–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.011

Ahamed, A. J., & Limbu, Y. B. (2024). Role of social comparison orientation on financial management behavior in a developing nation: examining the mediating role of financial self-efficacy and the moderating effect of financial socialization. Bottom Line. https://doi.org/10.1108/BL-06-2024-0080

Ahmad, R., Shahatha, F., Naquiah, N., & Razak, A. (2024). The Insta-Comparison Game : The Relationship between Social Use , Social Comparison , and Depression The Insta-Comparison Game : The Relationship between Social Media Use , Social Comparison , and Depression. Procedia Computer Science, 234, 1053–1060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.03.099

Bhatia, V. (2019). Impact of fashion interest, materialism and internet addiction on e-compulsive buying behaviour of apparel. Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 10(1), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2018.1544502

Blankespoor, E. (2018). Firm communication and investor response: A framework and discussion integrating social media. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 68–69, 80–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2018.03.009

Chan, K., & Prendergast, G. (2007). Materialism and social comparison among adolescents. Social Behavior and Personality, 35(2), 213–228. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2007.35.2.213

de Vries, D. A., & Kühne, R. (2015). Facebook and self-perception: Individual susceptibility to negative social comparison on Facebook. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 217–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.05.029

Digital 2025 Indonesia. (2025). We Are Social. https://wearesocial.com/id/blog/2025/02/digital-2025/

Fardouly, J., Diedrichs, P. C., Vartanian, L. R., & Halliwell, E. (2015). Social comparisons on social media: THE impact of Facebook on young women’s body image concerns and mood. Body Image, 13, 38–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.12.002

Fox, J., & Moreland, J. J. (2015). The dark side of social networking sites : An exploration of the relational and psychological stressors associated with Facebook use and affordances. Computers in Human Behavior, 45, 168–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.11.083

Fumar, M., Setiadi, A., Harijanto, S., & Tan, C. (2023). The Influence of Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), Sales Promotion, and Emotional Motive Mediated Self-Control on Impulsive Buying for Hypebeast Products. Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities, 6(3), 1363–1375. http://jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/riwayat/

Hussain, S., Raza, A., Haider, A., Ishaq, M. I., & Talpur, Q. ul ain. (2023). Fear of missing out and compulsive buying behavior: The moderating role of mindfulness. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 75(August), 103512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103512

Islam, T., Sheikh, Z., Hameed, Z., Khan, I. U., & Azam, R. I. (2018). Social Comparison, Materialism, And Compulsive Buying Based On Stimulus-Response- Model A Comparative Study Among Adolescents And Young Adults. Young Consumers.

Jabeen, F., Tandon, A., Sithipolvanichgul, J., & Srivastava, S. (2023). Social media-induced fear of missing out ( FoMO ) and social media fatigue : The role of narcissism , comparison and disclosure. Journal of Business Research, 159(January), 113693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113693

Ku, L. (2015). Development of Materialism in Adolescence: The Longitudinal Role of Life Satisfaction Among Chinese Youths. Social Indicators Research, 124(1), 231–247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-014-0787-3

Kumar, S., & Kumar, S. (2024). Compulsive Use of Social Media and Unrestrained Buying Behavior: Delineating the Role of Social Comparison, Fear of Missing Out and Self Esteem. Journal of Internet Commerce, 23(4), 503–532. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332861.2024.2421731

Milyavskaya, M., Saffran, M., Hope, N., & Koestner, R. (2018). Fear of missing out: prevalence, dynamics, and consequences of experiencing FOMO. Motivation and Emotion, 42(5), 725–737. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-018-9683-5

Moschis, G. P. (2017). Research frontiers on the dark side of consumer behaviour: The case of materialism and compulsive buying. Journal of Marketing Management, 33(15–16), 1384–1401. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2017.1347341

Ozimek, P., & Förster, J. (2017). The impact of self-regulatory states and traits on Facebook use: Priming materialism and social comparisons. Computers in Human Behavior, 71, 418–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.01.056

Pahlevan Sharif, S., She, L., Yeoh, K. K., & Naghavi, N. (2022). Heavy social networking and online compulsive buying: the mediating role of financial social comparison and materialism. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 30(2), 213–225. https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.2021.1909425

Pradhan, D., Israel, D., & Jena, A. K. (2018). Materialism and compulsive buying behaviour: The role of consumer credit card use and impulse buying. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 30(5), 1239–1258. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-08-2017-0164

Przybylski, A. K., Murayama, K., Dehaan, C. R., & Gladwell, V. (2013). Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1841–1848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.02.014

Sharif, S. P., & Yeoh, K. K. (2018). Excessive social networking sites use and online compulsive buying in young adults : the mediating role of money attitude. https://doi.org/10.1108/YC-10-2017-00743

Tandon, A., Dhir, A., Talwar, S., Kaur, P., & Mäntymäki, M. (2022). Social media induced fear of missing out (FoMO) and phubbing: Behavioural, relational and psychological outcomes. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174(December 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121149

Tarka, P. (2020). Influence of Materialism on Compulsive Buying Behavior: General Similarities and Differences Related to Studies on Young Adult Consumers in Poland and US. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 32(3), 243–267. https://doi.org/10.1080/08961530.2019.1695240

Wang, H., Miao, P., Jia, H., & Lai, K. (2023). The Dark Side of Upward Social Comparison for Social Media Users: An Investigation of Fear of Missing Out and Digital Hoarding Behavior. Social Media and Society, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051221150420

Xie, Z., Chiu, D. K. W., & Ho, K. K. W. (2024). The Role of Social Media as Aids for Accounting Education and Knowledge Sharing: Learning Effectiveness and Knowledge Management Perspectives in Mainland China. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 15(1), 2628–2655. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-023-01262-4

Yue, X. D., & Cheung, C. K. (2000). Selection of favourite idols and models among Chinese young people: A comparative study in Hong Kong and Nanjing. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 24(1), 91–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/016502500383511

Yurchisin, J., & Johnson, K. K. P. (2004). Compulsive buying behavior and its relationship to perceived social status associated with buying, materialism, self-esteem, and apparel-product involvement. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 32(3), 291–314. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077727X03261178